Introduction: An animal cell is a type of eukaryotic cell that is characteristic of animals. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of a true nucleus, which contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA. Animal cells also have several other membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, which are responsible for generating energy for […]
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Introduction: Flow cytometry is a technique used to measure and analyse the physical and chemical characteristics of cells or particles suspended in a fluid. It is commonly used in biological and medical research to analyse the properties of cells, including size, shape, and surface markers, as well as to sort cells into different populations based
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Introduction: A pipette is a laboratory tool that is used to measure and transfer small volumes of liquids. It is a tube with a calibrated tip and a plunger that allows the user to draw a specific volume of liquid into the pipette and then dispense it. Pipettes are commonly used in scientific research and
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Post-transcriptional modifications refer to a variety of molecular alterations that occur to RNA molecules after transcription, playing crucial roles in gene expression regulation.
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Introduction: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic disorder that causes a variety of developmental issues such as learning impairments and cognitive impairment. It is caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene, which is responsible for producing a protein called fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). This protein plays a critical role in the
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Learn about Nanopore sequencing, a real-time DNA sequencing method using nanopores and electrical currents for accurate and rapid analysis
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DNA barcoding is a powerful technique revolutionizing biodiversity research and species identification. It involves analyzing short gene sequences, such as the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), to distinguish and classify organisms. By comparing these DNA barcodes to reference databases, researchers can accurately identify species, even those with morphological similarities or at different life stages.
The process begins with specimen collection, followed by DNA extrac
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Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary condition that impacts the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. It is caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for a protein called cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This protein regulates the movement of salt and water in and out of cells, and is involved in
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The notes on membrane proteins provide a comprehensive understanding of these crucial components of cell membranes
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Agar plates are used to culture and observe microorganisms. Notes on agar plates include strain details, colony morphology, characteristics, and experimental conditions for future reference.
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