Author name: sciencevivid

Sciencevivid is a specialized educational blog/website about several fields of biology (including microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, cell biology, and clinical genetics). Additionally, it provides the most recent and up-to-date news in the fields of technology, science, and research. It was founded on May 4, 2022, with the intention that undergraduate and graduate students (B.Sc, M.Sc, M.Phil, and Ph.D.) would have access to study notes and be able to comprehend it appropriately.

Molecular Tools for Microbial Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Studies

Introduction: Some of the most powerful approaches to determine the taxonomy and phylogeny of the organisms is through the study of nucleic acids and proteins, since they are genes themselves or direct gene products that provide considerable information about the true relatedness. Phylogenetic inferences based on molecular tools characterization provide the strongest and most reliable […]

Molecular Tools for Microbial Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Studies Read More »

Novel Methods for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Helminthic Infections

Introduction: Helminthes, including Nematodes, Trematodes, and Cestodes, are associated with substantial morbidity and economic losses worldwide. Almost one-sixth of the world’s population is infected with helminthes, with an estimated 15 billion individuals, particularly in low socio-economic regions, suffering from Soil-transmitted Helminthes (STHs). Novel techniques are now being developed and tested for the diagnosis of helminthic

Novel Methods for the Laboratory Diagnosis of Helminthic Infections Read More »

Bacterial Pneumonia: Etiology, Risk Factors, and Diagnosis

Introduction: Lower respiratory tract infections are the most common human infections, estimated to cause 2.74 million deaths annually. LRTIs are diverse and can present as tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is the one that is contracted outside hospital settings. Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) is the infection of the lungs whose evidence was

Bacterial Pneumonia: Etiology, Risk Factors, and Diagnosis Read More »

Zika Virus (ZIKV): Introduction, Transmission and Diagnosis

Introduction to Zika Virus and Vector-Borne Diseases: Emergence and re-emergence of Vector Borne Diseases (VBD) have posed a huge threat to public health worldwide. Flaviviruses like Dengue Virus (DENV), Yellow Fever Virus (YFV), and Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) are already circulating globally. Since the vectors, transmission cycle, favorable climate, and epidemiology of Zika virus (ZIKV)

Zika Virus (ZIKV): Introduction, Transmission and Diagnosis Read More »

Autoimmunity: Introduction, Mechanisms, Examples, and Treatment

Introduction: An inappropriate response of the immune system leading to activation of self-reactive humoral or cell-mediated responses against self-antigens are called autoimmunity. Autoimmune conditions that involve direct damage to cells occur when antibodies or immune cells attach to antigens on the surface of cells. This interaction can lead to cell destruction or provoke inflammation in

Autoimmunity: Introduction, Mechanisms, Examples, and Treatment Read More »

Cancer Metastasis : Stages, Molecular Mechanisms, EMT in Tumor Spread

Introduction to Cancer Metastasis: Metastasis is the word for the growth of secondary cancers in an area of the body distant from the initial primary cancer. Cancer treatment is challenging because of metastases. If the treatment works in one region, there is a secondary spread in other regions. The two main causes of cancer death

Cancer Metastasis : Stages, Molecular Mechanisms, EMT in Tumor Spread Read More »

Cancer and Signal Transduction: The Role of EGF Pathway in Tumor Growth and Its Regulation

Introduction to Signal Transduction and Cancer: A cell of our body depends upon the signal transduction pathway to carry out different types of cell processes at the right moment in time to basically produce physiological responses to certain types of external stimuli.  Now, even though signal transduction is very important to the functionality of our

Cancer and Signal Transduction: The Role of EGF Pathway in Tumor Growth and Its Regulation Read More »

Cell Transformation: Mechanisms, Genetic Mutations, and Cancer Progression

Introduction to Cell Transformation: The process of eukaryotic cells turning to cancerous cells from the normal cells is known as cell transformation. In cancer cell transformation there are few different modifications. In basic, there is a balance between cell growth and cell death. There are several pathways in the body that dictate the cell to

Cell Transformation: Mechanisms, Genetic Mutations, and Cancer Progression Read More »

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs): Introduction, Structure, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs), RTKs dysregulation and cancer

Introduction: Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are plasma membrane receptor glycoprotein in nature with enzymatic activity. They are a group of 90 enzymes capable of selectively phosphorylating amino acid tyrosine residue in various substrates which leads to conformational alteration of that protein and typically activates that protein.  They are important mediators of the signaling that mediate cell

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs): Introduction, Structure, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs), RTKs dysregulation and cancer Read More »

Determination of Acid Value of Fats and Oils: A Comparative Analysis of Cooked and Uncooked Oil

Objective: To determine the acid value of given fat sample Theory: Acid value is defined as the number of milligrams of potassium or sodium hydroxide that is required to neutralize the free fatty acids in 1 gram of fats or oil. It is a measure of the number of carboxylic acid group in a chemical

Determination of Acid Value of Fats and Oils: A Comparative Analysis of Cooked and Uncooked Oil Read More »