Introduction: Genes, also labelled as “junk” DNA, are inheritable genetic elements whose sequence are naturally similar to functional genes. However, they do not code for protein because they lack coding potential due to the presence of disruptive mutations such as frame shifts, premature stop codons, internal deletion or insertion relative to the normal sequence, Hence, […]
Introduction: Satellite DNA (satDNA) also known as tandemly repeated DNA (TR-DNA), is the highly repetitive DNA consisting clusters of short repeated sequences i.e., same sequence of nucleotides is repeated many times in tandem within the genome. Generally, it possesses a variable AT-rich repeat which are predominately located at heterochromatic regions, which are found mostly in
Satellite DNA (satDNA): Introduction, Types, Features, Applications Read More »
Introduction: The genes of nuclear chromosome have different roles in inheritance, cellular metabolism, development and mutation of the organism in which they occur. The gens of nuclear chromosomes have a significant and key role in the inheritance of almost all characters from one generation to other generation. However, they alone cannot be considered as the
Introduction: Crossing over is the refers to the interchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes involving breakage and reunion at precise point during meiotic prophase (pachytene), which results in new allelic combinations in the daughter cells. In 1912, the term crossing over was first used by Morgan and Cattell. Diploid cells have
A marker gene is a gene or DNA sequence that is employed in animals or cells to identify and track the presence or absence of a desired feature or gene of interest.
Marker Gene- Introduction, Types, Selectable marker genes, Reporter Gene, Applications Read More »
Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary condition that impacts the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. It is caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for a protein called cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This protein regulates the movement of salt and water in and out of cells, and is involved in
Cystic Fibrosis- Definition, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment Read More »
Mutagens are agents that have the potential to induce changes in DNA, leading to mutations.
Mutagens- Definition, Principle, Types, Effect, Tests Read More »
The notes on antisense technology delve into the innovative approach of utilizing nucleic acids to modulate gene expression. This cutting-edge field focuses on the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to target specific messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, leading to gene silencing or modulation
Antisense Technology- Definition, Principle, Types, Steps, Applications Read More »
Introduction: Procedure: Amniocentesis is typically performed between the 15th and 20th weeks of pregnancy. The procedure is usually done in a doctor’s office or clinic, and takes about 15-20 minutes. Here is an overview of the steps involved in an amniocentesis: Preparation: The patient will be asked to lie on an exam table on the
Amniocentesis- Definition, Procedure, Risks, Benefits Read More »
Myobacteria were the first bacterial infections to be discovered in humans, and they continue to cause serious illnesses till date. Robert Koch described the bacterium that causes tuberculosis in 1882. Since then, a vast number of mycobacterial species that cause pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections in humans and wildlife have been reported. Two primary pathogenic organisms,
DNA Fragments detection in the Blood: New Diagnostic Test for TB Read More »
