BIOCHEMISTRY

Introduction: It is also known as glyoxylate shunt (GS), was identified by Kornberg and Krebs in 1957, explaining how organisms could grow on acetate as the sole carbon source (Kornberg and Krebs, 1957). The glyoxylate cycle, an anabolic pathway, is a variation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an anabolic pathway occurring in plants, bacteria, […]

Introduction: Isoelectric point (pI) is the pH at which the net electric charge on a molecule/protein is zero. At its pI, the molecule/protein is electrically neutral that the molecule at its pI exists as a zwitterion with an equal number of positive charges (from protonated amino groups) and negative charges (from deprotonated carboxyl groups). At

Principle: Activity of enzyme is defined as the micromoles of product formed per ml of enzyme solution under the optimum conditions. The determination of specific activity of enzyme involves two steps estimation of protein by F.C. Methos and estimation of product (glucose) by DNS method. The FC method is one of the best methods for

Aim: To estimate the concentration of protein using Biuret method. Principle: The is a colorimetric estimation technique that is specific for proteins and peptides used for estimation of protein. The coppers salt reacts with the two more peptide bonds under alkaline condition result in purple complex. The intensity of the formed color complex is proportional

Aim: To estimate the concentration of protein using Bradford Method. Principle: The Bradford protein assay is a commonly used method for estimating the concentration of proteins in a sample. Generally, it is based on the binding of Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB)  dye to proteins, resulting in a shift its  maximum absorbance maximum from 465 nm

Aim: To separate green leaf pigments (Spinach leaves) by Thin Layer chromatography (TLC) method. Introduction: It is a type of planar chromatography, in which the stationary phase is a thin layer of adsorbent particles attached to a solid plate. A small amount of sample/analyte is applied (spotted) near the bottom of the plate (an imaginary

Introduction: The DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid) method is commonly used for the quantitative estimation of reducing sugars, including glucose. This method is based on the reaction of reducing sugars with DNS reagent, which results in the formation of a coloured compound that can be measured spectrophotometrically. Principle: The principle behind the DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid) method for

Introduction: Benefits of immobilized enzyme: Fig: Application of immobilised enzyme Properties of carrier matrix for ideal immobilization: Biocompatibility: The carrier matrix needs to be biocompatible in order to maintain the activity, stability, and conformation of the specific enzyme. It shouldn’t cause the enzyme to become denaturized or inactive. Chemical Stability: The matrix should be chemically

Ketone bodies, including acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone, are metabolic byproducts that play a crucial role in energy production during periods of carbohydrate restriction or prolonged fasting.

Phytohormones, also known as plant hormones or plant growth regulators, are chemical messengers that regulate the growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli in plants.