Carbohydrate digestion, absorption and transport: Protein digestion, absorption and transport: Lipid digestion, absorption and transport:
Introduction to the Digestive System: The digestive tract and auxiliary digestive organs make up the digestive system. Digestive tract is also called as gastro-intestinal tract or alimentary canal. It is tubular structure that includes following parts. Parts of the Alimentary Canal: Mouth: Pharynx and Oesophagus: Pharynx is a common passage for digestive and respiratory tract.
Digestive System: Structure, Functions, and Parts of the Alimentary Canal Read More »
Introduction to Varicella (Chickenpox): Varicella (Chickenpox) is a common and easily spread illness, especially among young children. It typically presents with a widespread rash of fluid-filled blisters affecting both the skin and mucous membranes. Most often seen in kids under the age of 10, this viral infection is known for its rapid transmission and frequent
Introduction to Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV): Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are extremely widespread in human population. They can multiply in a wide variety of cells and infect a wide range of animals, demonstrating their wide host range.Gingivostomatitis, keratoconjunctivitis, encephalitis, genital disease, and infections in neonates are among the many illnesses caused by the herpes simplex
Introduction to Herpesviruses: The herpesvirus family contains several of the most important human pathogens. Clinically, the herpesviruses exhibit a spectrum of diseases. The herpesviruses that commonly infect humans include herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpesviruses 6 and 7, and herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus). Classification of Human Herpesviruses:
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Introduction to the Spinal Cord: The spinal cord is the elongated caudal part of the CNS. It starts as the inferior continuation of the medulla oblongata at the level of foramen magnum, & ends as an inverted cone (the conus medullaris) at the lower end of L1 vertebra. The spinal cord conveys motor signals from
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Introduction to the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): The portions of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord are referred to as the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The peripheral nerves, neuromuscular connections, spinal nerves and their roots and branches, and cranial nerves are all included. Technically, the anterior horn cells belong to the central
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Introduction to the Excretory System: The human excretory system plays a vital function in preserving general health by facilitating the body’s waste disposal. This system consists of vital organs like the kidneys, bladder, and intestines, each of which makes a distinct contribution to the removal of waste. It closely cooperates with the digestive system, which
Excretory System in Animals: Structure, Function, and Mechanism of Kidney and Nephron Read More »
Introduction to the Nervous System: The nervous system is one of the most complex systems in animals, especially human. The central nervous system contains over 100 billion neurons, and it is estimated to be about 1010 -1011 in human. The most intricate system in the human body is the nervous system. It consists of: Fig:
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Introduction to Phylum Chordata: General features of chordates: Subphylum Vertebrata: Vertebrata belongs to division Gnathostomata: (gnathos = jaw; stoma =mouth). Vertebrata includes two superclasses: Superclass Pisces (Fishes): Superclass Pisces have two classes Based on the ednoskeleton Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fishes) Subclass Sarcopterygii Bear muscular lobe in fins Order Dipnoi (Lung fish) Lung breathers Eg: Neoceratodus
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