Introduction: It is an analytical tool which is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of one or more molecules present in an analyte sample. Eventually, the measurement can be applied to calculate the molecular weight of the sample to quantify known compounds, and to determine structure and chemical properties of molecules. The preference for the term “mass […]

Introduction: It is a technique which us the spring property of an electron which are in resonance.  It is based on the paramagnetic behavior of an electron which are in resonance. All molecules have an atom and every atom have a nucleus. Every nucleus contains proton and neutron. Neutron is neutral and proton is positively

Introduction: It is an analytical technique used to determine the concentration of certain elements, metal atoms/ions in given sample. Metals which consist of 75% of earth chemical elements sometime also make a content as a contaminant in several components (mine. Foods, water, etc) Therefore, this technique uses the principle in which atoms (and ions) can

Introduction: It is an instrument used to measure absorbance at various wavelengths which is composed of two units: a spectrometer and a photometer. Moreover, this is used to measures the number of photons (the intensity of light) absorbed after it passes through sample solution. Basically, the spectrometer is to use to produce light of any