The notes related to biology
Introduction: The complement system is a part of immune system to protect the body from foreign particles that can damage the body. Initially, complement was defined as “the activity of blood serum that completes the action of antibody induce a series of inflammatory responses that help to fight infection”. At present, the complement system consists of over […]
The Complement System: Introduction, Types, Functions Read More »
Introduction: Inflammation is a normal response of the living tissue to protect tissues from injury, infection, or diseases that bring cells and molecules of host defense to the sites in order to eliminate causative agents and restore tissue to normality. It is a part of innate immunity, a protective response of the living system. The
Inflammation: Introduction, Causes, Components, Steps, Symptoms, Types, Complications Read More »
Introduction: Substrate: Components: Reception area A digester (or fermentation tank) Fig: Components of Biogas Plant A gas holder It is an air sealed tank preferably made in steel, provided with a gas outlet monitor that permits the biogas to come out of the system and produce energy and heat. It collects the gas generated during
Biogas plant: Introduction, Components, Substrate, Microbiology of Biogas Read More »
Introduction: Darwin’s theory of origin of new species was supported by a number of scientists like Wallance, Haeckel, Weismann, Mendel etc. These supporters are known as the Neo-Darwinians, and the concept is called Neo-Darwinism. The modern synthetic theory explains the genetic basis of the adaptation of a population to new environmental conditions. It includes the
Introduction: Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882), an English naturalist publishes his famous book “The Origin of Species by Natural Selection” in 1859. Darwin’s theory of natural selection is based on a mass of accurate observations and prolonged experimental led the whole scientific world to believe on the doctrine of evolution. Darwinism is based on several facts
Darwinism or theory of Natural Selection: Introduction, Facts, Objections Read More »
Theories of organic evolution: Organic evolution refers to the progression of life forms from simpler to more complex as a result of environmental changes and other factors. Evolution describes changes in the shape and behavior of organisms as they pass down through generations. It refers to the changes that occur within a population’s ancestry from
Introduction: Reproduction is an integral feature of all living beings by which a living being produces produce new individuals of the same species. This natural process is necessary for the survival and increase in the population of a species. If organisms do not reproduce, their population decreases and species will become extinct. Importance: Types: There
Introduction: The process of the loss of water from the internal tissues of the living plants in the form of vapor the exposed parts of the plants is regarded as transpiration. Plant absorbs large amount of water from the soil through the root hair but only small amount is utilized in different metabolic activities. Types:
Transpiration- Types, Measurement, Mechanism, Factors, Significance, Advantages Read More »
Introduction: Osmosis is biological process that refers to the movement of free water molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration across a partially-permeable membrane until they are evenly spread out. It may define as the diffusion of the solvent molecules into the solution through a semipermeable membrane. Types of
Osmosis- Introduction, Types, Solution, Osmotic pressure, Factors, Significance Read More »
Plant roots serve as the vital lifeline for plants, acting as their primary means of nutrient absorption, water uptake, and anchorage in the soil, forming a complex and interconnected underground network.
Root- Introduction. Types, Anatomy, Symbiosis, Diseases Read More »
