BIOCHEMISTRY

Introduction: Benefits of immobilized enzyme: Fig: Application of immobilised enzyme Properties of carrier matrix for ideal immobilization: Biocompatibility: The carrier matrix needs to be biocompatible in order to maintain the activity, stability, and conformation of the specific enzyme. It shouldn’t cause the enzyme to become denaturized or inactive. Chemical Stability: The matrix should be chemically […]

Ketone bodies, including acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone, are metabolic byproducts that play a crucial role in energy production during periods of carbohydrate restriction or prolonged fasting.

Phytohormones, also known as plant hormones or plant growth regulators, are chemical messengers that regulate the growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli in plants.

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds, primarily carbohydrates.

Optogenetics is a technique that uses light to control the activity of cells or neurons that have been genetically modified to respond to light.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a type of fat tissue that is primarily responsible for producing heat in the body via a process known as thermogenesis.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of molecular chaperones that help protect cells from damage caused by stress.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive molecules that can cause damage to cells and tissues, leading to oxidative stress. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS production in cells, and enzymes can regulate ROS levels. ROS can also act as signaling molecules in cellular processes and have been implicated in various diseases. Detecting and measuring ROS levels is crucial in understanding their role in cellular function and dysfunction.

The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms in the environment. It involves several steps, including nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification.