Chemotherapy: Introduction, Classification, Types, Mode of action, Treatment Strategies

Leave a Comment / BIOCHEMISTRY /

Introduction: Chemotherapy is the administration of one or more cytotoxic antineoplastic medications (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a predetermined schedule to treat cancer. Chemotherapy may be administered with the intention of curing a disease, extending life, or alleviating symptoms. It is frequently used in conjunction with other treatments, such as radiation, surgery, and/or hyperthermia therapy. […]

Chemotherapy: Introduction, Classification, Types, Mode of action, Treatment Strategies Read More »

The Complement System: Introduction, Types, Functions

Leave a Comment / BIOLOGY /

Introduction: The complement system is a part of immune system to protect the body from foreign particles that can damage the body. Initially, complement was defined as “the activity of blood serum that completes the action of antibody induce a series of inflammatory responses that help to fight infection”. At present, the complement system consists of over

The Complement System: Introduction, Types, Functions Read More »

Genetic Maps:  Introduction, Linkage Maps, Cytogenetic Maps, Physical Maps

Leave a Comment / GENETICS /

Introduction:  A genetic map is a schematic representation of the various genetic markers in the specific order in which they are located in a chromosome as well as the relative distances between these markers. Genetic mapping is the process of determining the physical position of a genetic component on chromosomes utilizing recombination and genetic markers.

Genetic Maps:  Introduction, Linkage Maps, Cytogenetic Maps, Physical Maps Read More »

Biosensors: Introduction, Features, Components, Types, comparison, Applications

Leave a Comment / BIOCHEMISTRY /

Introduction:  A biosensor is an analytical device, which employs a biological material to specifically interact an analyte; this interaction procedures some detectable physical change that is measured and converted into an electrical signal by a transducer. Finally, the electrical signal is amplified, interpreted, and displayed as analyte concentration in the solution/preparation. An analyte is a

Biosensors: Introduction, Features, Components, Types, comparison, Applications Read More »

Single cell proteins (SCPs): Microbial proteins, Introduction, Substrate, Production, Nutrition, Advantages, Disadvantages

Leave a Comment / MICROBIOLOGY /

Introduction: Single-cell protein (SCP), often called microbial protein, is a type of crude or refined protein obtained from filamentous fungi, algae, yeasts, molds, microbes, or bacteria. It is edible and can used directly either as animal feed or human food supplements, that usually contain above 40% of crude protein on dry weight bases. Due to

Single cell proteins (SCPs): Microbial proteins, Introduction, Substrate, Production, Nutrition, Advantages, Disadvantages Read More »

Construction of a cDNA Library: Introduction, Steps, Applications

Leave a Comment / MOLECULAR BIOLOGY /

Introduction: cDNA library is a population of bacterial transformation or phage lysates in which each mRNA isolated from an organism or tissues is represented as its cDNA insertion in a plasmid or a phage vector. The frequency of a specific cDNA in such a library would ordinarily depend on the frequency of the concerned mRNA

Construction of a cDNA Library: Introduction, Steps, Applications Read More »

Restriction endonucleases (REase): Introduction, Features, Types, Applications

Leave a Comment / MOLECULAR BIOLOGY /

Introduction: A restriction enzyme is a nuclease enzyme that breaks down DNA sequences at random or specified recognition regions known as restriction sites. In bacteria, restriction enzymes interact with modification enzymes to form a combination system (restriction + modification system) that methylates the bacterial DNA. Methylation of bacterial DNA at the recognition sequence often protects

Restriction endonucleases (REase): Introduction, Features, Types, Applications Read More »

Drug Designing: Steps, Procedure, Process, and Delivery

Leave a Comment / MOLECULAR BIOLOGY /

Introduction: The process of finding new drugs involves combining clinical, translational, experimental, and computational models. Drug design is the inventive approach that aims to design drugs whose target molecules may be receptor (45%), an enzyme (20% of cases), ion channel (5% of cases) DNA (2% of cases), nuclear receptor (2% of cases) or unknown (7% of cases).

Drug Designing: Steps, Procedure, Process, and Delivery Read More »

Inflammation: Introduction, Causes, Components, Steps, Symptoms, Types, Complications

Leave a Comment / BIOLOGY /

Introduction: Inflammation is a normal response of the living tissue to protect tissues from injury, infection, or diseases that bring cells and molecules of host defense to the sites in order to eliminate causative agents and restore tissue to normality. It is a part of innate immunity, a protective response of the living system. The

Inflammation: Introduction, Causes, Components, Steps, Symptoms, Types, Complications Read More »