Introduction: The complement system is a part of immune system to protect the body from foreign particles that can damage the body. Initially, complement was defined as “the activity of blood serum that completes the action of antibody induce a series of inflammatory responses that help to fight infection”. At present, the complement system consists of over […]
The Complement System: Introduction, Types, Functions Read More »
Introduction: A genetic map is a schematic representation of the various genetic markers in the specific order in which they are located in a chromosome as well as the relative distances between these markers. Genetic mapping is the process of determining the physical position of a genetic component on chromosomes utilizing recombination and genetic markers.
Genetic Maps: Introduction, Linkage Maps, Cytogenetic Maps, Physical Maps Read More »
Introduction: A biosensor is an analytical device, which employs a biological material to specifically interact an analyte; this interaction procedures some detectable physical change that is measured and converted into an electrical signal by a transducer. Finally, the electrical signal is amplified, interpreted, and displayed as analyte concentration in the solution/preparation. An analyte is a
Biosensors: Introduction, Features, Components, Types, comparison, Applications Read More »
Introduction: Single-cell protein (SCP), often called microbial protein, is a type of crude or refined protein obtained from filamentous fungi, algae, yeasts, molds, microbes, or bacteria. It is edible and can used directly either as animal feed or human food supplements, that usually contain above 40% of crude protein on dry weight bases. Due to
Introduction: cDNA library is a population of bacterial transformation or phage lysates in which each mRNA isolated from an organism or tissues is represented as its cDNA insertion in a plasmid or a phage vector. The frequency of a specific cDNA in such a library would ordinarily depend on the frequency of the concerned mRNA
Construction of a cDNA Library: Introduction, Steps, Applications Read More »
Introduction: A restriction enzyme is a nuclease enzyme that breaks down DNA sequences at random or specified recognition regions known as restriction sites. In bacteria, restriction enzymes interact with modification enzymes to form a combination system (restriction + modification system) that methylates the bacterial DNA. Methylation of bacterial DNA at the recognition sequence often protects
Restriction endonucleases (REase): Introduction, Features, Types, Applications Read More »
Introduction: The process of finding new drugs involves combining clinical, translational, experimental, and computational models. Drug design is the inventive approach that aims to design drugs whose target molecules may be receptor (45%), an enzyme (20% of cases), ion channel (5% of cases) DNA (2% of cases), nuclear receptor (2% of cases) or unknown (7% of cases).
Drug Designing: Steps, Procedure, Process, and Delivery Read More »
Introduction: Inflammation is a normal response of the living tissue to protect tissues from injury, infection, or diseases that bring cells and molecules of host defense to the sites in order to eliminate causative agents and restore tissue to normality. It is a part of innate immunity, a protective response of the living system. The
Inflammation: Introduction, Causes, Components, Steps, Symptoms, Types, Complications Read More »
Introduction: Prenatal diagnosis for genetic disorders: Several single gene disorders are diagnosed by DNA analysis Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disorders Autosomal recessive (AR) disorders X-linked disorders
Prenatal Diagnosis: Introduction, Genetic disorders Read More »
Introduction: Parasitic disease, a public health issue, is a type of infectious disease that is caused by parasites which live on or in a host organism. In annual, millions of morbidities and mortality is caused by these infections which is one of the most devastating and prevalent infections. It is a type of infectious disease
Diagnosis of Parasitic Diseases: Introduction, Clinical presentation, Diagnostic Tests Read More »
