Search Results for: necrosis

Necrosis- Definition, Types, Causes, Mechanism, Symptoms, Treatment

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Introduction: Necrosis is defined as irreversible cell damage and eventual cell death caused by pathogenic processes. It is an uncontrolled cell death that causes enlargement of the cell organelles, plasma membrane rupture and ultimately cell lysis, and leakage of intracellular contents into surrounding tissue, resulting in tissue injury. It is the death of cells or […]

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Apoptosis- Definition, Types, Stages, cancer, Regulations, Necrosis

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Introduction: There are two main forms of cell death: apoptosis and necrosis. Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. It is a normal and important process that occurs during the development and maintenance of tissues, and it helps to keep the number of cells in an organism under control.

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Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness): Introduction, Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Introduction of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT): Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is also known as African sleeping sickness. It is an infectious disease caused by an extracellular protozoan parasite belonging to the genus Trypanosoma, species brucei. Two subspecies of Trypanosoma brucei are pathogenic for humans are T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense. It is a

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Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV): Types, Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Antiviral Treatments

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Introduction to Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV): Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are extremely widespread in human population. They can multiply in a wide variety of cells and infect a wide range of animals, demonstrating their wide host range.Gingivostomatitis, keratoconjunctivitis, encephalitis, genital disease, and infections in neonates are among the many illnesses caused by the herpes simplex

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Cytokine Storm Syndrome (CSS) in COVID-19: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Therapeutic Insights

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Introduction- COVID-19 and Global Health Impact: One of the most pressing global health issues that humanity has encountered since World War II is the COVID-19 pandemic. With the exception of Antarctica, the virus has spread to every continent since it first appeared in Asia in 2020. Medical professionals and researchers were investigating the underlying mechanism

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Type II Hypersensitivity Reactions: Introduction, Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations Blood Transfusion Reactions, Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

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Introduction to Hypersensitivity Reactions: When an individual has been immunologically primed, further contact with the antigen leads to a secondary immune response, boosting. However, if the antigen is present in relatively large amounts or if the humoral and cellular immune state is at a heightened level, the reaction may be excessive and may lead to

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Inflammation: Introduction, Causes, Components, Steps, Symptoms, Types, Complications

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Introduction: Inflammation is a normal response of the living tissue to protect tissues from injury, infection, or diseases that bring cells and molecules of host defense to the sites in order to eliminate causative agents and restore tissue to normality. It is a part of innate immunity, a protective response of the living system. The

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Pathogenic Microorganisms: Introduction, Types, Source of infection, symptoms and Diseases

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Introduction: Pathogens are defined as organism that are taxonomically widely diverse that cause diseases to their respective hosts with the severity of symptoms of diseases. It comprises not only viruses’ bacteria and fungi but also unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes. Generally, depending on their relationship to the host, microorganism can be classified as saprophytes and parasites.

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Entamoeba histolytica: Morphology, Life Cycle, Pathogenesis, Clinical manifestation, Diagnosis

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Introduction: It is a common protozoan parasite found in the large intestine of human. It is one of the leading parasitic causes of death in developing countries  It causes amoebic dysentery and liver abscess in human Morphology: The parasite occurs in 3 forms Trophozoite Precyst Cyst Life Cycle: Life cycle of histolytica is relatively simple which is

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