MICROBIOLOGY

Introduction: It is a common protozoan parasite found in the large intestine of human. It is one of the leading parasitic causes of death in developing countries  It causes amoebic dysentery and liver abscess in human Morphology: The parasite occurs in 3 forms Trophozoite Precyst Cyst Life Cycle: Life cycle of histolytica is relatively simple which is […]

Introduction: The microbial cells are very small and transparent in nature, so it is very difficult to observe them under microscope. Staining is uses in order to understand the structure and chemical nature of microorganism and make visible. Thus, staining is the method of artificially coloring microorganism to allow it to visualize under the microscope.

Introduction: Microorganisms are ubiquitous. Microbes grow and multiply under favorable conditions. In laboratory, for the purposes of study, they are allowed to grow and multiply. So, it always becomes necessary to remove or destroy microbes from materials or from areas because they are responsible for causing contamination, decay, and infection. This is the main object

Introduction: Cell and cytoplasmic contents may become so organized as to perform specialized functions that another cell don to perform. The change by means of which such specialization is achieved is know as differentiation. The event of differentiation is accomplished by changes which occur in embryonic tissues of plants and animals. Zygote is a unicellular

Introduction: Cell senescence can be defined as a process occurring in all members of population, after maturity, involving progressive decline in vital capacities of the organism termination in death. Senescence is also considered as death. The science that studies biological caused of growth. At the cellular level senescence can be studied on the basis of

Introduction: The tendency of genes to study together during inheritance and to retain their parental combination even in the offspring, because of the genes being located relatively close to each other, in the same chromosome is called linkage. The genes located on the same chromosome and inherited together are know as linked genes. Linked genes

Introduction: Cell locomotion may involve movement of the entire cell or a portion of it, to the benefit of the organism. This is a biological phenomenon displayed o enable many roles such as feeding, digestion, reproduction, circulation and protection. A cell’s or unicellular organism’s locomotion is accomplished by the use of flagella, cilia, and, in

Introduction: Bacteriophages are viruses that only infect bacteria which is also known as phages. They have a unique structural and life cycle and are highly abundant and diverse in nature such as water, soil, and the human body. It can infect and replicate within bacterial cells. The term “bacteriophage” originates from the Greek words “bacterio,”

Introduction: A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that can cause diseases which is able to utilize the synthetic machinery of the living cell of another organism for its multiplication. Virus are the smallest living organism ranging from about 20nm to 300nm that are about 50 times smaller than bacteria approximately.  They are too small

Background: Gram staining is a key technique in microbiology that allows bacteria to be classified into two groups: Gram-positive and Gram-negative. This staining method, developed by Hans Christian Gram in the late 1800s, gives vital insights into bacterial cell wall composition and has become a cornerstone of bacterial identification and classification. The differential staining is