Monomeric and oligomeric enzymes: An enzyme that is composed of just one polypeptide chain is referred to as a monomeric enzyme, such as ribonuclease or trypsin. In contrast, when an enzyme is built from two or more polypeptide chains (subunits), it is described as an oligomeric enzyme; classic examples include lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate transcarbamoylase. […]
Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity: Substrate concentration Fig: Effect of substrate concentration on enzyme velocity Enzyme concentration Fig: Effect of enzyme concentration on enzyme velocity Effect of pH A few exceptions include alkaline phosphatase (10–11), acid phosphatase (4-5), and pepsin (1-2). Effect of temperature • An enzyme reaction’s velocity rises with temperature until it reaches its
Introduction to Enzymes: For an organism to sustain, several enzymatic reactions are essential to occur. The majority of chemical processes move too slowly to support life on their own. They require catalysts to speed up the rate of enzymatic reactions. Enzymes are biocatalysts that greatly accelerate the rates of these chemical reactions, without them undergoing
Enzymes: Introduction, Classification, and Mechanism of Enzyme Action Read More »
Introduction to the TCA Cycle: The Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle is a crucial metabolic pathway responsible for supplying energy to the body, accounting for approximately 70% of total ATP production. Within this sequence of processes, energy is produced in a number of steps. Most of the energy obtained from the TCA cycle is captured by
Introduction to ATP and Cellular Energy Metabolism: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a high-energy phosphorylated species that provides energy to support a number of vital biological processes, including the synthesis of biomolecules like proteins, lipids, DNA, and RNA; active transport, which involves pumping ions against a concentration gradient; and mechanical work, which includes muscle contraction, cytoskeleton
Introduction to Vaccine schedule: When administering vaccines, a variety of aspects should be taken into account, including the scheduling of each dosage, screening for precautions and contraindications, the number of doses to be given, the patients’ and parents’ educational needs, and how to interpret and handle adverse effects. Additionally, the recipient’s age, immunological condition, and
Differences between Respiration and Fermentation: Features Respiration Fermentation Definition Respiration refers to the series of biochemical oxidations in which organic molecules are converted to carbon dioxide and water while the chemical energy thus obtained is trapped in a form useful to the cell using exogenous electron acceptor, such as oxygen, nitrate etc. via an electron
Features EMP HMP ED Substrate Glucose In modified EMP,Halophilic archae like Haloarcula vallismortis can also transport fructose via active transport converting it to Fructose-1,6diphosphate via through fructose-1phosphate by ketohexokinase and 1phosphofructokinase. Hyperthermophilic archae like Pyrococcus furiosus can ferment Laminarin not glucose and can hydrolyse it outside cell into oligosaccharides and transport into cell for glycolysis. Glucose-6-phosphate
Introduction to Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Organization: A clinical microbiology lab performs analytical tests on human body substances for disease diagnosis, prevention and aids patient management for promotion of good health. Organization means an orderly structure making arrangements for achievement of purpose. In microbiology lab, the purpose is clinical relevance i.e., promotion of patient’s health. Key
Objective: To determine the acid value of given fat sample Theory: Acid value is defined as the number of milligrams of potassium or sodium hydroxide that is required to neutralize the free fatty acids in 1 gram of fats or oil. It is a measure of the number of carboxylic acid group in a chemical
