Introduction: An animal cell is a type of eukaryotic cell that is characteristic of animals. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of a true nucleus, which contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA. Animal cells also have several other membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, which are responsible for generating energy for […]
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DNA barcoding is a powerful technique revolutionizing biodiversity research and species identification. It involves analyzing short gene sequences, such as the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), to distinguish and classify organisms. By comparing these DNA barcodes to reference databases, researchers can accurately identify species, even those with morphological similarities or at different life stages.
The process begins with specimen collection, followed by DNA extrac
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Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary condition that impacts the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems. It is caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for a protein called cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This protein regulates the movement of salt and water in and out of cells, and is involved in
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DNA repair is a process by which cells identify and fix damage to the DNA molecule. DNA damage can occur as a result of various factors, including exposure to environmental agents such as UV radiation and certain chemicals, errors during DNA replication, and normal metabolic processes.
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Mutagens are agents that have the potential to induce changes in DNA, leading to mutations.
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Gene therapy is a revolutionary medical approach that aims to treat and potentially cure genetic disorders by modifying or replacing faulty genes within a person’s cells.
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The notes on antisense technology delve into the innovative approach of utilizing nucleic acids to modulate gene expression. This cutting-edge field focuses on the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to target specific messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, leading to gene silencing or modulation
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Gene sequencing is the process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule or fragment, providing a wealth of information about the genetic makeup of an organism or sample.
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Introduction: Types of Serum marker: Maternal serum marker tests are blood tests that are used to screen for certain chromosomal abnormalities or birth defects in a developing fetus. The tests measure the levels of specific substances, known as markers, in the blood of the pregnant woman. Elevated levels of certain markers can indicate an increased
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A karyotype is a visual representation of the chromosomes in an individual’s cells, typically obtained through a process called karyotyping. The notes on karyotyping may include information about the arrangement, structure, and characteristics of an individual’s chromosomes.
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